In telephone systems, with the start of the space age is completely revolutionized the world of telecommunications. Artificial satellites (or simply satellites) are devices built by humans and placed in orbit around Earth. The idea of ââusing a satellite in space that can receive signals, amplify them and then relay them back to Earth, became a powerful system of long distance wireless communication.
In telephone systems, to establish a satellite communication system needed space stations, consisting of satellites in space and earth stations, consisting of the ground communication equipment. To achieve a communication satellite, satellite transponders worn several (typically 32 units) which are communication devices that receive and transmit radio frequency signals; the device name is derived from the words transmitter and respond. Each of the transponders can capture an input signal of a given frequency band, amplifying and then disseminated to a different output frequency.
Generally, satellites can be placed in orbits:
- LEO (Low Earth Orbit)
- MEO (Medium Earth Orbit or Middle)
- HEO (High Earth Orbit)
- GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit or Geosynchronous).
There are currently three types of categories of satellite communication services: fixed service, broadcast service and mobile service, each of them according to the characteristics inherent to describe the satellite orbit. The fixed service and distribution are associated with GEO systems, while systems LEO, MEO and HEO are associated with the mobile service. There is a myriad of applications that can use satellite communications services, one of which is the satellite phone.
Satellite phone services of telephone systems
Basically there are two distinct types of satellite phone:
- Fixed or rural
- Global mobile phone or
Each of them is related to the type of communication service provided by satellite systems. The fixed satellite telephone communication networks based on geostationary satellites and mobile satellite telephone communication network of low orbit satellites. The characteristics of each of these satellite systems define the type of satellite phone.
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